Rolling hinge gear



Nov. 24, 193.1. R. L. GARNTT ,833,519

ROLLING HINGE GEAR Filed March lO, 1930 Patented Nov. 24, 1931 malaise:l

f UNITED srATss PATENT oFFics y aomrneaimamorcnnannhrmsfiown .i 'I l acume miren enna appunti musiceren io. iaao. 'semi iro. 434,678.

The object of my invention is to provide a gear structure of simple, durable and inex pensive construction, which I' have, for `the sake of a distinguishing term, called a rolling '5 hinge gear. l

A further object of my present invention is to provide a gear of peculiar structure with teeth shaped and arran d in novel manner whereby a number of ade 10 closer engagement, greater strength, reduc liability of strip ing, simplicity' o movement, minimum friction and minimum-wear are secured;

16 meshed with each ot er or withv rack bars or the like, the teeth of the re'spective gears or rack bars being sha d like partial surfaces of true cylinders an meshed to such a depth that during operation, the application of.

orce from (lilne toolth to arlother will be alwa s at ri t ang es tot e engaging portioris of boh the teeth and the notches and will have a-minimum variation from right angles to a line between the axes of the gears or a line through the axis of a gear and at Iri ht angles to a rack bar as the case may be wereby the force is applied in the most desirable manner to reduce friction and increase eiliciency. With these and other objects in view my invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts o f my device, whereby the ob ects contemplated are attained, as hereina c r more fully set forth, lointed out in my claims, and illustrated in t e accompanying drawings, in which:'

` Figure 1 is a plan view of arts of two gears embed 'ng my invention, t 'e gears being of equal 'ametei-S.

Figure 2 is a plan view of a pair of gears of different relative sizes and a rack bar abuttin one ofthe gears. o lgigure 3 is a similarview of a pair of pin 5 gears illustrating the same general principle of construction.

Figure 4 is a sectional view illustrating a pairof such gears arranged for use in a rotary pump. e Figure 5, details A-B-C-D-E-F-G and H vantages, includiii ing, elimination of climbl ure 1 and embodying the same general Still a further ob'ect is to provide gears` inclusive are diagrammatic views n the` successive steps taken in the rotationo a driver and av driven gear of the kind ein- .bodying my invention.

Figure 6 is a plan viewI of a bevel gear em- I bodying my invention.

1n Figure 1 I have shown a pair of gears indicated generally by' the reference numerals 10 and 12 arranged in mesh with each other. trates my invention as applied to various sizes and types of gears of the kind shown in .Fig-

ciples of gear tooth construction.

'lhe teeth 16 of the gear 10 and the teeth 18 ofthe gear 12 are formed with their outer surface portionslaid out from centers where-' lders are formed, or-ifweby transverse cy take the view of .Figure 1 as shown, considering the gears to lie on a plane, then the outer part of-each tooth is arranged asa part of a true circle.

Similarly, the notches 420 and 22 between the successive teeth 16 and 18 of the respec- `tive gears 10 and 12 are likewise of the same shape as the teeth, i. e. half circles. Aline ai drawn from center mentioned is indicated intermediate notch is formed. Thus we have the gears provided with portions of which are formedjinthe sha of partial true cylinders. notches of one gear and interit with the The meshing are arranged' to receive teeth of-a meshing gear gears are' journalledin in The dia grams in Figure 5 (details -A-B-C-D-#E-F-#Gs-H) wg.

Each figure of the drawings illusprnto center of the teeth' on the geai` 1U in Figure 1. l'his line if extended from center -to center of the respective'teeth 16, will pasa` through the center ofthe circle on which the teeth, the engaging The intermediate auch' manner that in the travel of the gears the= teeth g tooth Y Y gearsit will-progress a ful-l one-half projection maybe s Figure 4 and illustrate the operators of gears of the strucproduces a gear of greater strength than v ture just mentions A those of theordinary type operating with a lIn the diagrams, 30 illustrates the driving minimum of friction and hence with the least ar fhaving the teetli e, f and 32 indicates the tendency to heat and without the grindin 5 'ven r having the .teeth g, h, In deand noise of ordinary ars. The gears ro u' 1 tail A t e gears are shown at the point in upon each other, witht eteeth being of equal their movement where drivin power shifts diameters, alwa s applying force .from the from where ithas been app ed from the driving to the iven gear along lines from tooth e to the tooth g to where the power is agg tooth center to tooth center. The gears may l0 plied from tooth f to the tooth h. It will observed that the force is applied on the lines stance, in Figures; 1, 2, 3 and 6. of the radii of the respective teeth, to wit: on In .Figure 2 I- have illustrated a pair of the line y from center to center of the driving meshing gears of diierent diameters. and the driven tooth. The line z is a referproblem arises in connection with the layingr ingand driven gears to show the relative proin the laying out of gear 'teeth where the gression of the teeth 30 and 32'.' Y gears are of equal size as in Figure l. The .At the step in the movement as illustrated gear 10a is illustrated as the same pitch diin detail A, the teeth have rolled upon each ameter as the gear 10 but it will be noted that il other the maximum amount,fbut the line of center lines 56a and 58a which correspond '35 force as'applied upon the tooth h is still to center lines 56 and 58 of Figure 1 are from center to center of the gear teeth. farther apart. These are the center lines Progressing from osition toacposition as `from-which the semicircularteeth 16a`andillustrated in detailsg to H inclusive,- it will notches 20a are laid out. At the up r right be seen that during the com lete cycle of hand partof the gear 10a aline is'indi 9d movement the line of force is a ways applied .cated drawn between the centers 60 and 62 on the line 1 from center to center between o f two adjacent teeth 16a, the same as-the the engage and the engaging teeth and is lme w on the gear 10 to illustrate that the thus a ways at right angles to the engaging notches 20a drawn 'from the center line 56a 80 faces, are comparative deeperl than on the gear 10. u In Figure 3 I have illustrated gears of the I t will be noted that a line ge". between two pin type. There are shown here some 'gears ad1acent teeth `18a of the gear 12a passes 34 an 3 having the oppositey projecting through theintermediate notch 22a closer i cylindrical teeth 38 and 40. These teeth or to the axis of the gear than a center line 64 ins 38 and 40 are in the form of true cylinf from which the notches 22a are laid out. i1 sers and the gears are arranged on centers Thus it will be seen that if in gears of difsuch that the teeth roll on each other in the ferent sizes the idea of laying the gear notches. v same way as the teeth of the gearsflO and 12, out on a line between the center of the teeth and as illustrated in the diagrams of Figis-adhered to, the notch on the smaller gear 0m-e5, willbedeeperthanthe notch onthe larger 1 In Figure 4 I have shown a form of. arj gear. 1 structure used for rotary pumps in w ich.:A Therefore,a'co romise is made between the notches are still deeper than shown in the-dimensions'sothat the notches on the Figure 1 to afford reater capacity in a smaller gear are made shallower and the l pump. Thus in the orm shown in Figlure notchesionthe larger gear are made deeper 1 4 I have illustrated the gears 42 and 44. he' than when the gears are of the same size so notches 46 of the gear 44 are so deep that their( that actually as shown in Figure 2, the centers asat 48 are located inwardly from" notches'and teeth are ofthe same size and the line 50 between the centers ofthe teeth depth for proper full mesh as will be readily 52 but are of a width equal to the diameter seen by the center lines 56a and58a being f .of atooth. This necessitates a straight contangent with'the center lines 66 and 64 renecting portion between-the teeth circles and spectively. notch circles as indicated by the dimension v. This variation, however, does not depart v In Figure 6 I have illustrated a gear 54 from the most important consideration for I8 of the beveled type embodying the principle laying out the ears which is to mesh the of the invention herein explained. teeth to such a eith that during operation A gear structure of the kind herein set the application` o force from oney tooth to forth has a large number of advantages. another will have a minimum variation from vEnd and pin thrust are reduced or elimiright` angles to a line between the axes of 00 nated; there is secured a lrolling or 4pivoted the gears. The lines y in Figure 5 indicate movement; there is no sliding of gears, or .how nearly the application o force remains ars with frictional movement. I 'am able in a line at right angles to the line a between us to ractically eliminate the ordinary the axes of the meshing gears. The greatest hum o gears of the involute or ordinary variation is shown in detail A from which Il type now in'general use. This structure also the variation decreases in details B, C and D be embodied in ditl'erent forms, as for in u.

l," ence line from center to center ofthe drivout of teeth for such gears which is n ot present 3 until in detail E it is exactly at right angles to'llxle line ha. f h l eapp 'cationo orcet env rogressive y varies in details F, G and H w ereu n the 5, cycle of positions begins to repeat in etail A. have shown a rack bar 14 in Figure 2 in which center lines 68 and 70 are tangent to `the center lines 56a and 58a and the notches v and teeth of the rack bar are laid out from lo these center lines whereby accurate and full mesh of the gear and rack bar are accomplished.

It is obvious that there may be variations in the form of the teeth and it ism7 intention 15 to cover by m claims any modi cations in structure whic may be reasonably included within their scope.

I claim as my invention: l 1. In a gear structure, a pair of meshed gears, the teeth and notches of the respective gears bein shaped like partial surfaces of true cylin ers, the teeth and notches of the respective gears bein meshed relative to each other to such a dep that-during operation, g5 the application of force from one tooth to another will have a minimum variation from right angles toa line between the axes of the gears. 2. A pair of gears having teeth and notches, ..30- each shaped on the arc of a circlez the center from which a toothof one gear` is laid out, when coincident with an axis center line be tween the axes of the gears, lying substantially on a tooth center linebetween the centers from which two adjacent teeth of the other gear are laid out,.said and tooth center lines being at rig-ht angles to each other.

3. A pair of gears having teeth and notches, 40 each shaped on the arc of a circle the center from which a tooth of one gear 1s laid out, when coincident with an axis center line between the axes of the gears, lying closer to the axis of the other gear than a tooth center 46 line between the centers'fronzll whichtwoadjacent teeth of the other gear are laid out and the center f rom which the other gear is laid out, when coincident with said axis center line, lying closer to the axis of the other gear 50 than a second tooth center line between the centers from which two adj acent teetliof the first gear are laid out. v Des Moines',l Iowa, February 27, 1930.

ROBERT L. GARNETT.. 

